Tracing the mechanism of how proportional representation does (not) influence ethnic armed conflict via government inclusion.
We study the effect of political violence on the support for anti-system parties in interwar Italy.
Studying European interwar democracies, we find that both high and low levels of ideological polarization have deleterious consequences for democracy, particularly at low levels of party fragmentation.
New data on parliamentary elections, parties, and cabinets in interwar European democracies.
Rules of Legislative and Presidential Elections in Democratic States, 1919-1945.
Rules of Legislative and Presidential Elections in Democratic States, 1946-2020.
Linking 11 different data sources on ethnicity in Africa.
Explaining trends in ethnic inequality around the world, 1992-2013.
A fast estimator for binary outcome variables with spatio-temporal interdependence .
New theory and data on the formation and duration of ethnic coalitions in 134 states between 1946 and 2009.